1
Environmental Pollution and
Waste: Air, Water, and Land Media
Environmental Sustainability Educational Resources
prepared by
Gregory A. Keoleian
Associate Research Scientist,
School of Natural Resources and Environment
Co-Director, Center for Sustainable Systems
University of Michigan
2
Contents ⢠Air Pollution Impacts [slide 4]
⢠Sources of Air Toxics [slide 5-6]
⢠Criteria Air Pollutants [slide 7-9]
⢠Trends in National Emissions of Criteria Pollutants
[slide 10]
⢠Comparison of 1970 and 1999 Emissions [slide 11-12]
⢠Comparison of Growth in Population, VMT, GNP with
Emissions [slide 13]
⢠Percent Change in Air Quality [slide 14]
⢠Number of People Living in Nonattainment Areas[slide 15]
3
⢠Trends in Sulfur Dioxide Emissions [slides 16]
⢠Water Pollution [slides 17- 18]
⢠Sources of Point and Nonpoint Source Pollution [slide 19-22]
⢠Water Quality of Assessed Rivers, Lakes and Estuaries
[slide 23]
⢠Pollutants and Sources Causing Impairments of Assessed Rivers,
Lakes and Estuaries [slide 24]
⢠Toxic Release Inventory [slide 25-28]
⢠TRI data [slides 29-31]
⢠Industrial Waste [slides 32-33]
⢠Municipal Solid Waste [slide 34-35]
⢠Additional Resources [slide 36-37]
4
Air pollutant impacts
⢠Greenhouse effect
⢠Ozone depletion
⢠acidification
⢠smog formation
⢠eutrophication
⢠human health
⢠ecosystem health
5
6
7
Criteria Air Pollutants
⢠EPA uses six "criteria pollutants" as
indicators of air quality
⢠EPA established for each of them a
maximum concentration above which
adverse effects on human health may occur.
8
Criteria air pollutants
⢠Nitrogen Dioxide: NO2
- brownish gas irritates the respiratory system originates from
combustion (N2 in air is oxidized); NOx sum of NO, NO2, other
oxides of N
⢠Ozone: ground level O3
- primary constituent of urban smog
- reaction of VOC + NOx in presence of heat +sun light
⢠Carbon monoxide: CO...