1
NB._____
Name_______________________
Date_____________ Per_____
Science/Topsey
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Multiple Choice: Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a
______________________________
2. A rift valley forms at a __________________________________
- The type of seismic waves that arrive at the surface first and move by compressing and expanding
the ground like an accordion are called ____________________
4. Stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions is called _______________________
5. Tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash are called
___________________________
6. The place where two plates come together is known as a ____________________________
- What principle states that the geologic processes that change Earth today also changed Earth in the
past? ____________________________
8. Pangaea is a ____________________________________________________________________
9. A fossil formed when minerals replace all or part of an organism is called a
10. Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a _________________
11. A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level is called a __________________________
12. Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called _____________________________
13. Volcanoes would most likely to be located along _______________ _____________ridge where
a plate is ______________________________________
14. S waves are also known as ________________________________
- Which scale would most likely be used to tell how much earthquake damage was done to homes
and other buildings? ________________________________
16. In a normal fault, the part of the fault that lies below the other part is called the _______________
17. A fold in rock that bends upward into an arch is called a(n) _______________________________
18. Fossils are _____________________________________________________________________
- An intrusion of igneous rock is ________________in relation to the sedimentary rock layers
through which it passes?
- The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is
called the ________________________________
21. What can cause damage days or months after a large earthquake __________________________
22. Radioactive dating works best with what type of rocks? __________________________
23. Sometimes forces inside Earth turn rock layers over completely. This is called _______________
- When magma hardens in a volcano's pipe, the result will eventually be a landform called a
_______________________________
25. A volcano hazards that is made up of fine, rocky particles as small as a speck of dust is
_____________________
26. A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a
___________________
27. When ash, cinders, and bombs build up in a steep pile around a volcano's vent, the result is a
______________________________
28. The main hazard from a quiet volcanic eruption is ________________________________
29. Compared to P waves and S waves, surface waves move _______________________________
- The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle
is known as __________________________________
31. Geologists use radioactive dating to ____________________________________________
32. The time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample of a radioactive element to decay is
the element's ___________________________
33. If geologists detect many small earthquakes in the area near a volcano, what can they infer about
the volcano? _________________________________________________________________
34. Earth's earliest atmosphere lacked which gas that is necessary for life as we know it to exist
today?______________
Study Guide ~ 2nd 9 Weeks Exam
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. transform boundary
2. divergent plate boundary
3. P waves
4. shearing
5. composite
6. convergent boundar
7. uniformitarianism
8. the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago
9. petrified fossil
10. fossil
11. plateau
12. magma
13. mid ocean ridge where a plate is subducted
14. secondary waves
15. the Mercalli scale
16. footwall.
17. antisyncline
18. the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past.
19. always younger
20. focus
21. an aftershock
22. igneous rocks
23. folding
24. volcanic neck
25. volcanic ash
26. mountain range
27. cinder cone volcano.
28. lava flows
29. slower
30. subduction.
31. determine the absolute ages of rocks
32. half-life
33. It is probably about to erupt
34. oxygen