LANGUAGE AWARENESS
GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE: Present Perfect
They have lived in Singapore for two years.
Form | Auxiliary have [ 3rd person] + lived [ past participle of main verb] |
Positive:
I/you/we/they + have [ 3rd person] + lived [ p. p. of main v.] in Singapore for two years.
He/she + has [3rd person, singular] + lived [ p. p. of main v.] in Singapore for two years.
Negative:
I/you/we/they + haven't [ 3rd person] + lived [ p. p. of main v.] in Singapore for two years.
He/she + hasn't [3rd person, singular] + lived [ p. p. of main v.] in Singapore for two years.
Question:
Have [ 3rd person] + I/you/we/they + lived [ p. p. of main verb] in Singapore for two years?
Has [3rd person, singular] + he/she + lived [ p. p. of main verb] in Singapore for two years?
Meaning: Completed/repeated action in the past with result at present.
CCQ: Did they start living in Singapore in 2010?
Are they still living in Singapore?
Is it important when exactly they start living in Singapore?
Pronunciation | [hÃÂv] - strong form [hÃÂv] - weak form [lived] |
Use | Talking about past experience people have done without specific moment in the past. |
Teaching context | Countries and places the students have visited. |
Anticipated problems | Use of Past Simple tense instead of Present Perfect or v.v. - controlled practice activities focused on the structure with adverbs of definite and indefinite time. Using of strong form when pronouncing the structure in connected speech => apply drills. |
Teaching to an Upper-Intermediate level class: First the teacher may give examples.
The teacher will elicit the rule and write it on the board and meaning will be discussed. It's good of the teacher also draw the following table:
FUNCTIONAL EXPONENT: Conditional sentence...