YEAR 12 CHEMISTRY
HSC MODULE 2: THE ACIDIC ENVIRONMENT
Indicators were identified by observing that the colour of some flowers depends on soil composition.
Classify common substances as acidic, basic or neutral.
Strong acidic solution has a pH range of 1-3, whereby a weak acidic solution has a pH range of 4-6. However, a strong basic solution has a pH range of 12-14, and a weak basic solution of 8-11. A solution of pH 7 is considered neutral.
ACIDIC | NEUTRAL | BASIC |
Vinegar Fruit juices Carbonated soft drinks (e.g. coke) Car battery acid Lactic acid | Water Salt water Glucose solution Alcohol-water solutions Lactose solution | Ammonia solutions Washing soda solution Baking soda solution Lime water Oven cleaners |
Identify that indicators such as litmus, phenolphthalein, methyl orange and bromothymol blue can be used to determine the acidic or basic nature of a material over a range, and that the range is identified by change in indicator colour.
Chemists have developed a wide range of synthetic acid-base indicators.
These indicators allow chemists to determine the range of acidity or basicity within very narrow limits.
Identify and describe some everyday uses of indicators including the testing of soil acidity and basicity.
Indicators are used for several things such as monitoring or finding the pH of swimming pools or testing the acidity of soil.
Testing pH of swimming pools
PH of swimming pools should be near 7.4 so to avoid any health problems such as irritation in eyes of skin.
Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is added to kill microbes. This then reacts with water to form hypochlorous acid and hydroxide ions.
Hydroxide ions raise the basicity of the water, thus HCl is added to return water to normal pH.
Phenol red is a suitable indicator in determining the correct acidity level...
CHEMISTRY NOTES
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