China: History and Marketing Research Has bibliography

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Business Structure

When looking at China from a business structure it is important to take a look at their economics and other factors such as: National Output, Labor, Communications, Commerce, Government and more. With the way China emphasizes the whole when making a decision each of the following has an impact on the structure of business.

A ten-year plan for 1976 to 1985 stressed improvement in economic management and a larger role for private and collectively owned (as opposed to state-owned) enterprises. This program was superseded by a more modest ten-year plan for 1981 to 1990, but efforts to attract Western technology and investment continued, as did a program of incentives to increase agricultural production. Policies introduced in October 1984 called for further decentralization of economic planning and for increased reliance on market forces to determine the prices of consumer goods. During the early 1990s the government continued to ease controls on the economy.

National Output

The annual gross domestic product (GDP) of China in the early 1990s was $544.6 billion, or about $460 per capita (Encarta 98). Agricultural output (which also includes some small-scale industries in rural areas, forestry, and fishing) accounted for about 24 percent of domestic income, and industrial output (which includes manufacturing, mining, electricity generation, and building and construction) accounted for 42 percent.

Labor

The Chinese labor force in 1996 was estimated at nearly 584 million people Encarta 98). China has problems with unemployment and underemployment due to rapid population growth rate. In the mid-1990s about one-quarter of the population was 15 years of age or younger; this guarantees that a large number of young people will enter the labor force each year (Encarta 98). It is estimated that about 60 percent of the labor force consists of agricultural workers. The rural family is estimated to...