Infectious Diseases and Antibiotic resistance

Essay by C-JADHigh School, 12th gradeA, August 2008

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© Sajad Bahram Yr 12: H.S.C Biology Assessment task 4

AL FAISAL COLLEGE

H.S.C BIOLOGY

ASSESSMENT TASK 4

RESEARCH TASK

DUE DATE: Wednesday 2ND July 2008 Term 2 Week 10

OUTCOMES ASSESSED: H3 H4 H8 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15 H16

WEIGHTING: 25%

CONTENTS

PART 1: INFECTIOUS DISEASES p 2-3

PART 2: PROBLEMS RELATING TO ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE p 4

PART 3: CATARACTS AND CATARACT SURGERY p 5

PART 4: COCHLEAR IMPLANTS p 6

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCE p 7-8

PART 1: INFECTIOUS DISEASES- TUBERCULOSIS

Causes of Tuberculosis

Lowered Immunity.

Close contact with someone with infectious TB.

Nationality.

Age.

Substance Abuse.

Malnutrition.

Lack of medical care.

International travel.

Who is the Host

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the pathogen agent of tuberculosis in humans. Humans are the only reservoir and host for the bacterium. Mycobacterium bovis is the pathogen agent of TB in cows and rarely in humans. Both cows and humans can serve as reservoirs. Humans can also be infected by the consumption of unpasteurised milk. This route of transmission can lead to the development of extrapulmonary TB, demonstrated in history by bone infections that led to hunched backs.

Mode of Transmission

Tuberculosis is spread through air droplets which are expelled when persons with infectious TB disease cough, sneeze, speak, or sing. The tuberculosis germ is carried on droplets in the air, and can enter the body through the airway. A person with active pulmonary tuberculosis can spread...