Nutrition study guide- updated food groups, body-types, essential vitamins & minerals etc...

Essay by pfeiffernatorHigh School, 10th grade November 2005

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Nutrition Study Guide.

Nutrients:

1. protein- (chicken, turkey, ham, etc)

2. carbohydrates- (breads, pasta, veggies, etc)

3. fats- (olive oil)

4. minerals - (calcium and phosphorous are the most common. These are found in skeletal bone, teeth and muscle.)

5. vitamins- (Vitamin D in milk helps your bones. Vitamin A in carrots helps you see at night.)

6. water

Food Groups:

1. grains- whole wheat flower, oatmeal, brown rice

2. vegetables- bok choy, kale, corn

3. fruits- apple grape, orange

4. milk- whole, strawberry

5. meats & beans- pork, chicken, tofu

calories- A calorie is a unit of energy. Specifically, a calorie is the amount of energy, or heat, it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit). Human beings need energy to survive -- to breathe, move, pump blood -- and they acquire this energy from food (calories).

Basal metabolic rate- Your basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy your body needs to function at rest.

This accounts for about 60 to 70 percent of calories burned in a day and includes the energy required to keep the heart beating, the lungs breathing, the kidneys functioning and the body temperature stabilized. In general, men have a higher BMR than women. One of the most accurate methods of estimating your basal metabolic rate is the Harris-Benedict formula: ***Age, height, growth, & body type can affect your rate***

* Adult male: 66 + (6.3 x body weight in lbs.) + (12.9 x height in inches) - (6.8 x age in years)

Saturated fat- A fat, most often of animal origin, having chains of saturated fatty acids. An excess of these fats in the diet is thought to raise the cholesterol level in the bloodstream.

Unsaturated fat- A fat derived...