ADAPTATIONS "âSkin color, eye color & hair color are all evidence of natural selection at work, as humans have adapted in concert with their environments. Even your body type may be an adaptation to environmental stresses.
"âBergmann's Rule - animals adapted to colder climates have larger, more compact bodies to preserve heat, and animals adapted to warm climates will have smaller bodies or longer bodies for better thermo-regulation.
"âAllen's Rule - animals in cold climates have short, stout limbs in order to conserve heat, while animals adapted to hot climates have long, slender limbs to dissipate heat faster.
EVOLUTIONARY CONCEPTS "âSpecies - a population of organisms which is reproductively distinct from similar populations.
"âMicroevolution - short-term evolutionary trends that occur within a species over relatively few generations.
"âMacroevolution - long-term evolutionary changes that take place over millions of years.
"âAnagenesis - the slow, gradual transformation of a species over time.
"âPunctuated Equilibrium - theory that most evolutionary change has taken place in short bursts.
DARWINIAN FITNESS "âDarwinian Fitness - a measure of an organism''s ability to compete in the struggle for existence "âFitness is related to an organisms ability: "â 1. to survive long enough to produce offspring "â 2. economy of energy in survival activities "â 3. success in attracting the most mates "â 4. success in attracting the best mates "â 5. number of offspring who live to reproduce "â 6. success in the reproduction of close relatives PARENTING STRATEGIES "âK-strategy - a parental care strategy where reproduction usually consists of a very small number of offspring per berthing episode, characterized by a high parental investment in the care of young and their development to adulthood.
"âR-strategy - a care strategy where reproduction usually consists of a high number of offspring per birthing episode, characterized by very low...