biology glossary

Essay by hellokitty123High School, 10th grade October 2014

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B7 Glossary

Muscle - Provides movement at joints and maintains posture

Skeleton - A framework of bone and cartilage supporting the body

Vertebrate - Animal which has a skeletal system

Cartilage - Smooth, protective surface, covering the end of the bone, providing easy movement

Tendon - Tough band of inelastic tissue, attaching muscle to bone

Ligament - Bands of tough elastic tissue holding bones together

Synovial Fluid - Lubricates and nourishes the tissue in the joint capsule

Synovial Membrane - This tissue lines the joint capsule and secretes synovial fluid

Joint - Where two or more bones meet

Antagonistic Pair - Muscles that work opposite each other

RICE treatment - Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

Double circulatory system - One circuit links the heart and lungs. The other circuit links the heart with the rest of the body

Red Blood Cells - Carry oxygen and haemoglobin. Biconcave structure, large surface area, no nucleus

White Blood Cells - Engulf bacteria and prevent infection

Platelets - Clot cuts

Plasma - Carries the blood cells

Valve - Prevents back-flow of blood

Artery - Carries blood away from the heart at a high pressure.

Thick wall

Capillary - Joins arteries and veins. Wall is only one-cell thick to allow gas exchange

Vein - Carries blood back to the heart. Blood is under less pressure, so thinner wall

Deoxygenated blood - Blood that is rich in carbon dioxide rather than oxygen on the way back to the heart

Oxygenated Blood - Blood that is rich in oxygen; pumped out of the right ventricle, towards the lungs

Vena Cava - Main vein from body, to heart

Ventricle - Each of the two main chambers of the heart, left and right

Aorta - Main artery to the body

Pulmonary Artery - Artery to the lungs

Pulmonary Vein -...