Cell Biology notes

CELL BIOLOGY NOTES:

Biological cell

There are many single cells and many multi cellular organisms like us.

Single cells have organelles that help them function

Organelles:

· Mitochondrion: cell organelle involved in respiration

· Cytoplasm: fluid that surrounds a cell that forms the vacuole

· Golgi Apparatus: processing area for the glycoprotein

· Endoplasmic reticulum: organelle involved in the synthesis of protein

· Vesicles: Packages of substances that are secreted or used by the cell

· Nucleus: it is the brain of the cell, it has the genetic information of the cell that determines the natural processes that are to be undertaken by the cell.

· Cell membrane: it is the wall that surround the cell, sometimes known as the plasm membrane. Its role is to control what enters and exits through the cell, it has a protective and structural role.

· Cell wall: a structure that is found in plants, it has a structural and protective role.

English: Simple diffusion, the movement of particl...

A cell

The cork described in "Micrographia" by Robert Hoo...

Cell specialisation

Cells can specialise in a particular function within a organism, usually as part of a larger tissue consisting of many of the same cells working in tandem, for example:

· Nerve cells: they operate as part of the nervous system in which they send message back and forth via the brain at the centre of the nerve system.

· Skin cells: for waterproof protection and also the protection against pathogens in the open air

· Xylem tubes: it transfers water to the plant, performing a structural role in supporting the plant.

Cells combine their efforts to form a common cause, in which each cell has its own specific function that help in establishing a common cause. As illustrated in the above list and below example;

· Muscle cells are long and smooth in structure and their elastic nature allows these...