The Ch'in Dynisty.

Essay by cookieLaLaHigh School, 10th gradeB, May 2003

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One of the most historic Chinese dynasties is that of the Ch'in.The Ch'in is known

as the great, evil dynasty. They were imperial, autocratic, and frequently cruel, but they

were also illustrious political thinkers, and reformers who historically brought about one

of the most dynamic periods of Chinese government. However, the dynasty only lasted a

little more then a decade. When the Chou began to weaken around 500 BC, these

independent states began to war among themselves over territory and influence. The

Chinese refer to this time as The Warring States period. Which did not end until the all of

north China was unified under a single empire, the Ch'in dyansty. The Ch'in dominated

China from 221 BC to the time of their fall fifteen years later in 206 BC. Their

accomplishments were so astounding that the name China is derived from the Ch'in.

The traditional start of the Ch'in dynasty to 256 BC, although the unification of

China did not occur until 221 BC.

By 256 BC, the Ch'in had become the most powerful

state in China, and in 246 BC, the kingdom fell to a thirteen year old boy, Ch'eng. He

surrounded himself with brilliant Legalist advisors. His most powerful and trusted advisor

was Li Ssu, one of the founders of Legalism. Under their advice, in 232 BC, when King

Ch'eng was twenty-seven, he began a vigorous campaign to unify and centralize all the

northern kingdoms. The surrounding kingdoms were no match for the wealth and military

power of the Ch'in, and by 221 BC, Ch'eng conquered all of the northern kingdoms.

King Ch'eng assumed the title, Ch'in shih-huang-ti, or "The First Exalted Emperor

of the Ch'in." Under guidance, and the advice of Li Ssu, Ch'in shih-huang-ti created a

form of government which served as a...