Chemisty review on mass/matter and seperating mixtures

Essay by Vkasza March 2004

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Chemistry

Mass and Energy

I -Energy- ability to do work/give of heat

-3 categories: radiant- uv, infrared, sun

Potential- stored

Kinetic- energy of motion

-Measuring energy- SI unit of Joule (j) or Calorie

-Calorimeter- device used to measure heat movements

-Fossil Fuels-coal, petroleum, natural gas

II- Chemical reactions - law of conservation of energy- matter cant be created nor

destroyed.

-Reactant- left, starting

-Product- right, end

-Endothermic reaction- absorb heat (candle)

-Exothermic reaction- releases heat (running)

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III- Temperature- freezing point of water is 0 c or 32 f, Boiling point of water is 100c or

212 f.

- SI unit- Kelvin K= c + 273, C= K - 273

Separating Mixtures

I-Filtration- funnel, filter paper, ex. Water and sand

II-Chromatography paper- separates liquids by pigments and density

III-Distillation- difference in boiling points, impure substance and heat, condenses, pure liquid, is collected in another flask

I -Types of mixtures:

1.Solution- homogeneous mixture made up of more than on material, can be in any phase (alloy, salt water) - clear transparent

2.Solute- gets dissolved

3.Solvent- does dissolving

II- Tyndall effect- Shine light through substance and it scatters. Scatters light by the particles in the mixtures.

1. Colloid- cloudy- homo (milk) (chocolate)

2. Suspension- hetero - salad