Motivation.

Essay by VDENIS January 2004

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1. INTRODUCTION

The role of the first-line manager is "to get things done through other people" but the only way to lead people to carry out something is to give them the desire to do it, by influencing, by persuading them to reach common goals, by motivating them! A supervisor who possesses those abilities is a leader.

Leadership and motivation are two skills essential in any organisation but are not the easiest! Many researches have been undertaken about those topics and several theories were developed.

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2. MOTIVATION

A. DEFINITION

The concept of motivation is usually used in organisational contexts.

-Motivation is the set of processes that stimulate, guide and sustain human behaviour towards accomplishing some goals. (M. Morley et al: 1998:56)

-Motivation is "what" spurs on and encourages them to act and to reach their goals.

- The way the behaviour is triggered off, maintained or broken off within the organisation.

Motivation is a set of factors, which are vital in the people's life at work.

B. THEORIES OF MOTIVATION

There isn't one best way to motivate staff members. Everyone is different and has her/his own needs, that's the reason why it's so difficult to create a work atmosphere where everybody (employees and employers) is satisfied, I mean where the employees work willingly, blossom...while being effective.

In every work team there are very good elements and bad one and once more it depends of the level of ability, skill, ambition, motivation,...of everyone.

Theorists like Maslow, Mc Clelland, Herzberg,... examined the problem of the motivation and attempted to determine what motivate people, and especially at work.

Motivation theories are classified in three different groups:

-Content Theory : Those approaches concern the factors which motivate people.

-Process Theory ( Equity Theory and Expectancy Theory ): emphasizes, not only on what...