Regional Economy of South America

Essay by lovelyrissaUniversity, Bachelor'sA, April 2008

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Regional Economy of South AmericaIn this paper I will be discussing the development of the economy of South America which will include several major drivers and forces, such as major cities, major products and manufacturing locations, where raw materials come from, and transportation networks that have either created corridors or barriers to economic development. I will also include a discussion of the historic impact of social climate, wars, and invasions.

Some major cities of South America are Buenos Aires, Córdoba, La Matanza (Argentina), La Pas (Bolivia), São Pauol, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Brasília (Brazil), Gran Santiago (Chile), Bogata, Cali, Medellín (Columbia), and Guayaquil, Quito (Ecuador), (Dowling, 2002).

An increasing number of South American industrial centers have developed heavy industries to supplement the light industries on which they had previously concentrated. An early obstacle to industrial growth in South America was the scarcity of coal. South Americans also have gradually developed their natural-gas reserves; hydroelectric plants produce most of the continent's electricity.

Iron-ore deposits are plentiful in the Guiana and Brazilian highlands, and copper is abundant in the central Andes mountain region of Chile and Peru. Other important mineral resources include tin in Bolivia, manganese and gold in Brazil, and bauxite in Guyana and Suriname.

Dense forests, steep slopes, and unfavorable climatic conditions, along with crude agricultural methods, limit the amount of cultivable land. Among the agricultural exports are coffee, bananas, sugarcane, tobacco, and grains. In the interior, hunting and gathering of forest products are the chief economic activities of the indigenous peoples. Fishing is also a central industry.

There are lists of wars dating as far back as the sixteenth century. The Falklands War, also known in Spanish as Guerra de las Malvinas/Guerra del Atlántico Sur, also called the Falklands Conflict/Crisis, was fought in 1982 between Argentina and the...