Wednesday, October 10, 2001 This essay is based on the two theories by Jerome Bruner and B.F. Skinner. In this essay B.F.Skinners' theory on Operant Conditioning is compared to that of Jerome Bruners' theory on cognitive learning. This states the ideas and opinion's of the two persons' and their theories on learning.
Jerome Bruner had a great effect on cognitive learning. Bruners' theory states, " to perceive is to categorize, to conceptualize is to categorize, to learn is to form categories, to make decisions is to categorize."� Bruner maintained that people view the world in its similarities and differences and suggested a coding system which people can have a "ÃÂhierarchical arrangement' of related categories. Each level of categories becomes higher and more specific.
People interpret the world through similarities and differences that are found in objects and events. Objects that are seen as similar are placed in the same category.
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THEORY
THEORYThe major part of Jerome Bruners' theory of learning is the coding systems where the learner organizes these categories. The organizing is meant to be involved in the information processing and decision-making.
This theory of Bruners' emphasizes the formation of these coding systems. He believed that the systems ease transfer, enhance retention and increase problem solving and motivation. He recommended the discovery oriented learning methods in school which he believed helped students discover the relationship between categories.
B.F. skinners' theory is based on the idea that learning is the function of the change in obvious behavior. In response to events that occur in the environment, there are changes in a behavior. A response results in consequences such as defining a word, hitting a ball, or solving a math problem. When a particular S-R pattern is rewarded, the person is trained to react. Skinner's is usually taken to be...