Disease Notes

Health-state of complete physical and mental wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease

Disease-condition that disturbs, or has the potential to disturb the bodies functions

Infectious disease-caused by a pathogen

Non-infectious disease-caused by a malfunction of the body

Contagious-easily spread

Non-contagious eg. Oppurtunistic infections

Pathogens-disease causing organisms

Micro-organisms-too small to be seen

Macrorganisms-can be seen with eye

Endoparasites-live in body eg worms

Ectoparasites-live outside body eg. Lice

Pathogens are parasites that cause disease

Bacteria-infect hosts eg. TB

Prions-proteins gone wrong eg. Mad cow disease

Virus-acellular molecules that invade and use cells processes for their own benefit eg. Chicken pox

Fungi-spores spores release enzymes to attack cells eg. Tinea

Protozoa-invade body to get nutrients or reproduce eg. Malaria

Parasites--cause disease by injecting substances that act on toxins eg. Tapeworm

Vectors-organism that transmits a disease form one host to another

Antigens are proteins on top of invading bodies which show that it is foreign Macrophages-detect antigens and trigger immune system

1-Line of defence-barriers-eyes, eats, mouth, digestive tract, skin, urinogenital tract,

2-Inflammation response- pus, swelling, redness, pain (histamines) heat

3-Phagocytes-engulf and destroy pathogens

T-cells-helper-trigger immune system

-Cytotoxic killer-destroy the invaders

-Suppressant-shut down immune response

-Memory cells-remember which antibodies for next time

B-cells-produce antibodies which join antigens to form antibody/antigen complex

-memory cells to stay in body

When macrophages come across an antigen it engulfs and breaks it down into pieces.

Minamata Disease Poster

Person washing his hands

Disease?

It then displays these pieces and when helper t-cells encounter this cell they produce b and t cells.

Immunization-the process in which the body develops the ability to fight diseases by producing antibodies and memory cells

Vaccination-the act of receiving a substance so that the body will develop immunity to a specific disease.

Water treatment-

Primary-screening and degritting (removal of large debris and grit)

-flocculation (mix water with chemicals to...