Enzyme Action:
Testing Effect of Type Catalase on Catalase Activity
Isabelle Knezevic
Mr. Cottingham
November 11, 2013
IB Biology Period 7
Introduction:
Enzymes are responsible for most of the chemical activities of living organisms. Enzymes are globular proteins with specific 3D formations that act as catalysts, or substances that speed up chemical reaction. All living organisms use enzymes to speed up various reactions. H2O2 is a substance that is toxic to most organisms. Many organisms can enzymatically destroy hydrogen peroxide before it can do much harm by converting H2O2 to oxygen and water. This reaction occurs randomly, however the use of enzymes speeds up the rate of reaction significantly. The enzyme used to speed up the decomposition of H2O2 is catalase. The rate of this chemical reaction due to catalase can be measured by measuring the rate of appearance of the products. Both plants and animals undergo this reaction to break down H2O2.
Line art representation of a Test tube
Eight cavity test tube mold courtesy of Lake Charl...
English: An empty test tube. Italiano: Semplice pr...This lab is designed to test and compare the varied rates of catalase from different living organisms in breaking down H2O2 by measuring the rate of appearance of O2.
Design:
Research Question: What effect does catalase type have on the reaction of breaking down H2O2 and the production of O2 concentration?
Hypothesis: The catalases from the plants will produce less O2 than the animal catalases.
Relevant Variables:
Independent Variables | Dependent Variables | Controlled Variables |
Time | O2 Concentration | Temperature |
Type of Catalase | Average Rate of Reaction | Pressure |
Catalase Concentration | ||
Figure 1: Lab Setup
Materials:
-Computer
-Vernier computer interface
-Logger Pro
-Vernier O2 Gas Sensor
-10 mL graduated cylinder 2
-50 mL Nalgene bottle
-400 mL beaker
-50 mL beaker
-Four test tubes
-Catalase from a chicken liver
-Catalase from a beef liver
-Catalase from collard greens
-Catalase from kale
-Ice
-Test tube rack
-Blender
-Scale
-Cold Water
-H2O2
-Dropper pipette
-Safety goggles
Procedure:
1. Make the catalases:
a. Using the scale, measure out 3 grams of the beef liver and cut the measured liver into small pieces
b. Place the cut beef liver into the blender.
c. Using a 400 mL beaker, measure out 300 mL of cold water and pour into blender.
d. Blend the water and liver for 2 minutes.
e. Pour the solution into a 400 mL beaker, label it Beef Catalase and place it in an ice bucket.
f. Repeat steps A through D for the chicken liver.
g. Repeat steps A through EDfor the kale and collard greens
h. Using a filter, strain the kale and collard greens catalases to remove sediment and particles.
i. Label the beakers and place them in the ice bucket.
2. Connect the Logger Pro to the computer. Connect the Oxygen Gas Sensor to the computer interface.
3. Prepare the computer for data collection by setting the duration to 180 seconds and the collection rate to 1 sample per second.
4. Place four test tubes in a rack and label them 1, 2, 3 and 4. Fill each test tube with 5 mL of 3.0% H2O2 and 5 mL of water.
5. Initiate the enzyme catalyzed reaction.
a. Using a dropper pipette, add 5 drops of the enzyme from the beef liver to test tube 1.
b. Cover the opening of the test tube with a finger and turn it over a few times.
d. Pour the contents of the test tube into the 250 mL Nalgene bottle.
e. Place the O2 Gas Sensor and being timing.
f. When 30 seconds has passed, begin data collection by clicking the collect button.
6. When data collection has finished, remove the O2 gas sensor from bottle and rinse the bottle with water and dry with a paper towel.
7. Move your data to a stored run by choosing Store Latest Run from the Experiment menu.
8. Repeat the procedure with test tube 2 with the catalase from the chicken, test tube 3 with the catalase from the kale and test tube 4 with the catalase from the collard greens.
Data Collection and Processing:
Data Collection- Raw Data Tables
Data Table One: Testing the Effect of Type of Catalase on Enzyme Action Trial 1
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
0 | 18.331302341 | 18.0207586449 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9897042752 |
1 | 18.3391975197 | 18.0202322996 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9875988943 |
2 | 18.3470926984 | 18.0202322996 | 17.9875988943 | 17.987072549 |
3 | 18.3565669128 | 18.0202322996 | 17.98917793 | 17.9860198585 |
4 | 18.3634094011 | 18.0197059544 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9839144775 |
5 | 18.3870949372 | 18.0197059544 | 17.987072549 | 17.9823354418 |
6 | 18.4060433661 | 18.0197059544 | 17.9875988943 | 17.982861787 |
7 | 18.422886414 | 18.0207586449 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9791773703 |
8 | 18.4297289023 | 18.0202322996 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9781246798 |
9 | 18.4349923547 | 18.0202322996 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9770719893 |
10 | 18.4434138787 | 18.0202322996 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9775983345 |
11 | 18.4492036764 | 18.0197059544 | 17.9939150372 | 17.9739139178 |
12 | 18.4513090574 | 18.0186532639 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9707558463 |
13 | 18.4560461646 | 18.0202322996 | 17.9881252395 | 17.9691768106 |
14 | 18.4560461646 | 18.0207586449 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9644397034 |
15 | 18.4570988551 | 18.0197059544 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9670714296 |
16 | 18.4628886529 | 18.0197059544 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9623343224 |
17 | 18.4581515456 | 18.0186532639 | 17.987072549 | 17.9628606676 |
18 | 18.4581515456 | 18.0197059544 | 17.987072549 | 17.9607552866 |
19 | 18.4618359624 | 18.0191796091 | 17.987072549 | 17.9623343224 |
20 | 18.4628886529 | 18.0197059544 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9618079771 |
21 | 18.4639413434 | 18.0207586449 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9602289414 |
22 | 18.4639413434 | 18.0207586449 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9586499056 |
23 | 18.4644676886 | 18.0202322996 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9560181794 |
24 | 18.4655203791 | 18.0207586449 | 17.987072549 | 17.9570708699 |
25 | 18.4660467244 | 18.0207586449 | 17.987072549 | 17.9554918341 |
26 | 18.4723628673 | 18.0207586449 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9539127984 |
27 | 18.4718365221 | 18.0207586449 | 17.9860198585 | 17.9528601079 |
28 | 18.4739419031 | 18.0239167163 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9528601079 |
29 | 18.4760472841 | 18.0228640258 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9533864532 |
30 | 18.4797317008 | 18.0270747878 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9512810722 |
31 | 18.4849951533 | 18.0281274783 | 17.987072549 | 17.9465439649 |
32 | 18.4881532248 | 18.0291801688 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9449649292 |
33 | 18.4902586057 | 18.0302328593 | 17.9860198585 | 17.9460176197 |
34 | 18.4981537845 | 18.0344436213 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9428595482 |
35 | 18.4981537845 | 18.0344436213 | 17.9860198585 | 17.942333203 |
36 | 18.4986801297 | 18.0370753475 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9418068577 |
37 | 18.4986801297 | 18.0460232167 | 17.987072549 | 17.940227822 |
38 | 18.4997328202 | 18.0412861095 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9386487862 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
39 | 18.5181549039 | 18.0433914905 | 17.9865462038 | 17.938122441 |
40 | 18.5128914514 | 18.0454968715 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9370697505 |
41 | 18.5155231776 | 18.0449705262 | 17.987072549 | 17.93601706 |
42 | 18.5192075944 | 18.0454968715 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9354907147 |
43 | 18.5239447016 | 18.044444181 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9281218813 |
44 | 18.5244710468 | 18.0454968715 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9302272623 |
45 | 18.5307871898 | 18.0454968715 | 17.9839144775 | 17.9333853337 |
46 | 18.5349979518 | 18.0454968715 | 17.9854935133 | 17.9302272623 |
47 | 18.5407877495 | 18.046549562 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9302272623 |
48 | 18.5513146545 | 18.0470759072 | 17.9860198585 | 17.9286482265 |
49 | 18.5576307974 | 18.046549562 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9286482265 |
50 | 18.5655259762 | 18.048654943 | 17.9865462038 | 17.929700917 |
51 | 18.5681577024 | 18.0491812882 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9286482265 |
52 | 18.5813163336 | 18.0518130145 | 17.987072549 | 17.927595536 |
53 | 18.590790548 | 18.0523393597 | 17.984967168 | 17.925490155 |
54 | 18.592895929 | 18.052865705 | 17.984967168 | 17.925490155 |
55 | 18.599212072 | 18.0539183955 | 17.9844408228 | 17.9244374645 |
56 | 18.6071072507 | 18.0544447407 | 17.9839144775 | 17.921279393 |
57 | 18.6165814652 | 18.0560237764 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9239111193 |
58 | 18.6255293344 | 18.0560237764 | 17.9854935133 | 17.9197003573 |
59 | 18.6328981679 | 18.0586555027 | 17.9854935133 | 17.921279393 |
60 | 18.6450041085 | 18.0612872289 | 17.984967168 | 17.9202267026 |
61 | 18.6555310135 | 18.0612872289 | 17.984967168 | 17.9202267026 |
62 | 18.658689085 | 18.0618135742 | 17.9854935133 | 17.9202267026 |
63 | 18.6729004067 | 18.0628662647 | 17.9860198585 | 17.9197003573 |
64 | 18.6897434546 | 18.0623399194 | 17.987072549 | 17.9197003573 |
65 | 18.6992176691 | 18.0628662647 | 17.987072549 | 17.9202267026 |
66 | 18.7155343717 | 18.0633926099 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9197003573 |
67 | 18.7260612767 | 18.0681297171 | 17.984967168 | 17.9202267026 |
68 | 18.7413252889 | 18.0670770266 | 17.987072549 | 17.9197003573 |
69 | 18.7602737178 | 18.0649716457 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9186476668 |
70 | 18.7739586942 | 18.0670770266 | 17.987072549 | 17.9175949763 |
71 | 18.7950125041 | 18.0691824076 | 17.987072549 | 17.9144369048 |
72 | 18.8081711353 | 18.0691824076 | 17.987072549 | 17.9160159406 |
73 | 18.8260668737 | 18.0691824076 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9149632501 |
74 | 18.8492260646 | 18.0702350981 | 17.987072549 | 17.9133842143 |
75 | 18.8676481483 | 18.0712877886 | 17.987072549 | 17.9144369048 |
76 | 18.8844911962 | 18.0718141339 | 17.987072549 | 17.9118051786 |
77 | 18.9008078989 | 18.0718141339 | 17.987072549 | 17.9123315238 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
78 | 18.9208090183 | 18.0739195149 | 17.9902306205 | 17.9118051786 |
79 | 18.9376520662 | 18.0749722054 | 17.987072549 | 17.9118051786 |
80 | 18.9576531856 | 18.0776039316 | 17.9865462038 | 17.9118051786 |
81 | 18.9718645073 | 18.0791829673 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9112788333 |
82 | 18.994497353 | 18.0818146936 | 17.987072549 | 17.9107524881 |
83 | 19.0097613652 | 18.0818146936 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9107524881 |
84 | 19.035025937 | 18.0849727651 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9107524881 |
85 | 19.0597641637 | 18.0844464198 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9081207619 |
86 | 19.0850287356 | 18.0860254556 | 17.9860198585 | 17.9096997976 |
87 | 19.1108196527 | 18.0860254556 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9096997976 |
88 | 19.1355578793 | 18.0870781461 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9107524881 |
89 | 19.1687176299 | 18.0881308365 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9107524881 |
90 | 19.1966139281 | 18.0886571818 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9070680714 |
91 | 19.2208258095 | 18.0923415985 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9070680714 |
92 | 19.2466167266 | 18.0965523605 | 17.98917793 | 17.9075944166 |
93 | 19.2671441913 | 18.0939206343 | 17.9881252395 | 17.9060153809 |
94 | 19.2908297274 | 18.0960260153 | 17.9881252395 | 17.9039099999 |
95 | 19.3071464301 | 18.0960260153 | 17.9875988943 | 17.9023309641 |
96 | 19.3266212042 | 18.0960260153 | 17.991283311 | 17.9028573094 |
97 | 19.3387271449 | 18.0960260153 | 17.9897042752 | 17.9023309641 |
98 | 19.3582019191 | 18.0965523605 | 17.991283311 | 17.9012782736 |
99 | 19.3692551693 | 18.0965523605 | 17.9918096562 | 17.9018046189 |
100 | 19.3860982172 | 18.0970787058 | 17.9923360015 | 17.8996992379 |
101 | 19.4003095389 | 18.097605051 | 17.9918096562 | 17.9002255831 |
102 | 19.4103100986 | 18.0981313963 | 17.9902306205 | 17.9002255831 |
103 | 19.426100456 | 18.101815813 | 17.9923360015 | 17.8991728926 |
104 | 19.4376800515 | 18.103921194 | 17.9907569657 | 17.8991728926 |
105 | 19.4524177184 | 18.1055002297 | 17.991283311 | 17.8970675117 |
106 | 19.4750505641 | 18.1070792655 | 17.993388692 | 17.8991728926 |
107 | 19.4903145763 | 18.1076056107 | 17.9923360015 | 17.8970675117 |
108 | 19.5039995527 | 18.1118163727 | 17.9949677277 | 17.8965411664 |
109 | 19.5192635649 | 18.1123427179 | 17.997599454 | 17.8954884759 |
110 | 19.5303168151 | 18.1128690632 | 17.995494073 | 17.9023309641 |
111 | 19.5461071725 | 18.1149744442 | 17.993388692 | 17.8965411664 |
112 | 19.5692663634 | 18.1160271347 | 17.9949677277 | 17.8970675117 |
113 | 19.5824249946 | 18.1149744442 | 17.9949677277 | 17.8960148212 |
114 | 19.5903201733 | 18.1186588609 | 17.995494073 | 17.8954884759 |
115 | 19.6134793642 | 18.1212905872 | 17.995494073 | 17.8954884759 |
116 | 19.6345331741 | 18.1223432776 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8965411664 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
117 | 19.655586984 | 18.1281330754 | 17.9923360015 | 17.8949621307 |
118 | 19.6719036867 | 18.1276067301 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8949621307 |
119 | 19.6924311513 | 18.1286594206 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8949621307 |
120 | 19.7098005445 | 18.1265540396 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8949621307 |
121 | 19.7308543544 | 18.1286594206 | 17.9965467635 | 17.8944357854 |
122 | 19.7476974023 | 18.1297121111 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8939094402 |
123 | 19.772435629 | 18.1297121111 | 17.995494073 | 17.8944357854 |
124 | 19.7977002009 | 18.1302384564 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8923304044 |
125 | 19.8287545705 | 18.1297121111 | 17.9965467635 | 17.8918040592 |
126 | 19.8550718329 | 18.1307648016 | 17.9965467635 | 17.8928567497 |
127 | 19.8803364047 | 18.1297121111 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8912777139 |
128 | 19.9087590481 | 18.1339228731 | 17.9965467635 | 17.8886459877 |
129 | 19.942445144 | 18.1355019088 | 17.9965467635 | 17.8896986782 |
130 | 19.9777102756 | 18.1381336351 | 17.9965467635 | 17.8891723329 |
131 | 20.0082382999 | 18.1418180518 | 17.9981257992 | 17.8886459877 |
132 | 20.0408717053 | 18.1397126708 | 17.9986521445 | 17.8896986782 |
133 | 20.0745578011 | 18.1407653613 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8891723329 |
134 | 20.1066648612 | 18.144449778 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8881196424 |
135 | 20.1350875046 | 18.146555159 | 17.9965467635 | 17.887066952 |
136 | 20.165615529 | 18.1491868853 | 17.997599454 | 17.887066952 |
137 | 20.1924591366 | 18.1497132305 | 18.0007575254 | 17.887066952 |
138 | 20.2135129465 | 18.1539239925 | 17.9981257992 | 17.887066952 |
139 | 20.2403565541 | 18.1539239925 | 17.9991784897 | 17.887066952 |
140 | 20.2598313283 | 18.1544503378 | 18.0002311802 | 17.887066952 |
141 | 20.276148031 | 18.1555030282 | 17.9991784897 | 17.887066952 |
142 | 20.2861485907 | 18.154976683 | 17.9997048349 | 17.887066952 |
143 | 20.3082550911 | 18.154976683 | 18.0023365612 | 17.8865406067 |
144 | 20.3256244842 | 18.1597137902 | 18.0039155969 | 17.8865406067 |
145 | 20.3372040797 | 18.1618191712 | 18.0028629064 | 17.8865406067 |
146 | 20.3477309846 | 18.163398207 | 18.0012838707 | 17.8865406067 |
147 | 20.3651003778 | 18.163398207 | 18.0039155969 | 17.887066952 |
148 | 20.376153628 | 18.1644508975 | 18.0023365612 | 17.8860142615 |
149 | 20.3919439855 | 18.1639245522 | 18.0039155969 | 17.884961571 |
150 | 20.4098397239 | 18.1639245522 | 18.0033892517 | 17.884961571 |
151 | 20.4114187596 | 18.1681353142 | 18.0028629064 | 17.8844352257 |
152 | 20.4256300813 | 18.1707670404 | 18.0023365612 | 17.8860142615 |
153 | 20.435630641 | 18.1770831834 | 18.0039155969 | 17.8854879162 |
154 | 20.4477365817 | 18.1812939454 | 18.0039155969 | 17.8854879162 |
155 | 20.4608952129 | 18.1802412549 | 18.0023365612 | 17.8844352257 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
156 | 20.4745801893 | 18.1802412549 | 18.0023365612 | 17.8860142615 |
157 | 20.4830017133 | 18.1812939454 | 18.0033892517 | 17.8833825352 |
158 | 20.5003711065 | 18.1833993264 | 18.0033892517 | 17.88285619 |
159 | 20.5103716662 | 18.1839256716 | 18.0044419422 | 17.8812771542 |
160 | 20.5293200951 | 18.1881364336 | 18.0039155969 | 17.8802244637 |
161 | 20.548268524 | 18.1881364336 | 18.0039155969 | 17.8802244637 |
162 | 20.5609008099 | 18.1886627788 | 18.0070736684 | 17.8796981185 |
163 | 20.5719540601 | 18.1891891241 | 18.0044419422 | 17.8775927375 |
164 | 20.5856390366 | 18.1902418146 | 18.0044419422 | 17.880750809 |
165 | 20.6009030488 | 18.1918208503 | 18.0044419422 | 17.876540047 |
166 | 20.6103772632 | 18.1939262313 | 18.0044419422 | 17.8796981185 |
167 | 20.6209041682 | 18.1960316123 | 18.0044419422 | 17.8739083208 |
168 | 20.6393262518 | 18.1970843028 | 18.0039155969 | 17.8728556303 |
169 | 20.6461687401 | 18.1981369933 | 18.0039155969 | 17.8739083208 |
170 | 20.6624854427 | 18.2049794815 | 18.0044419422 | 17.8728556303 |
171 | 20.6756440739 | 18.2044531363 | 18.0044419422 | 17.874434666 |
172 | 20.6888027051 | 18.206032172 | 18.0044419422 | 17.872329285 |
173 | 20.7035403721 | 18.208137553 | 18.0049682874 | 17.8728556303 |
174 | 20.724594182 | 18.2065585173 | 18.0044419422 | 17.874434666 |
175 | 20.7409108846 | 18.212348315 | 18.0028629064 | 17.8749610113 |
176 | 20.7535431706 | 18.2112956245 | 18.0044419422 | 17.8739083208 |
177 | 20.7740706352 | 18.2155063865 | 18.0039155969 | 17.872329285 |
178 | 20.7935454094 | 18.2170854222 | 18.0044419422 | 17.8728556303 |
179 | 20.8093357668 | 18.2212961842 | 18.0118107756 | 17.870223904 |
180 | 20.8303895767 | 18.2223488747 | 18.0060209779 | 17.870223904 |
Data Table Two: Testing the Effect of Type of Catalase on Enzyme Action Trial 2
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
0 | 17.9960204182 | 17.8465383679 | 17.8444329869 | 17.8312743557 |
1 | 18.0028629064 | 17.8475910584 | 17.8360114629 | 17.8302216652 |
2 | 18.0070736684 | 17.8512754751 | 17.8312743557 | 17.8328533914 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
3 | 18.0128634661 | 17.8544335466 | 17.8323270462 | 17.8160103435 |
4 | 18.0197059544 | 17.8581179633 | 17.8281162842 | 17.8186420698 |
5 | 18.0207586449 | 17.8575916181 | 17.8270635937 | 17.8160103435 |
6 | 18.0244430616 | 17.8575916181 | 17.819168415 | 17.8154839983 |
7 | 18.0286538236 | 17.8618023801 | 17.819168415 | 17.8081151648 |
8 | 18.0344436213 | 17.8612760348 | 17.817063034 | 17.8017990218 |
9 | 18.038128038 | 17.8618023801 | 17.8154839983 | 17.8023253671 |
10 | 18.0454968715 | 17.8618023801 | 17.810746891 | 17.7991672956 |
11 | 18.0476022525 | 17.8628550706 | 17.8086415101 | 17.7954828789 |
12 | 18.052865705 | 17.8639077611 | 17.8091678553 | 17.7944301884 |
13 | 18.0554974312 | 17.8696975588 | 17.8028517123 | 17.7928511526 |
14 | 18.0618135742 | 17.866013142 | 17.8017990218 | 17.7944301884 |
15 | 18.0623399194 | 17.8696975588 | 17.7991672956 | 17.7875877001 |
16 | 18.0628662647 | 17.870223904 | 17.7965355694 | 17.7865350097 |
17 | 18.0697087529 | 17.8707502493 | 17.7970619146 | 17.7870613549 |
18 | 18.0712877886 | 17.8775927375 | 17.7981146051 | 17.7812715572 |
19 | 18.0760248959 | 17.8802244637 | 17.7944301884 | 17.7754817595 |
20 | 18.0812883483 | 17.8791717732 | 17.7933774979 | 17.7760081047 |
21 | 18.0865518008 | 17.8839088805 | 17.7939038431 | 17.7707446522 |
22 | 18.0886571818 | 17.8823298447 | 17.7923248074 | 17.7686392712 |
23 | 18.0944469795 | 17.8865406067 | 17.7902194264 | 17.7707446522 |
24 | 18.0965523605 | 17.8865406067 | 17.7870613549 | 17.7633758188 |
25 | 18.097605051 | 17.8865406067 | 17.7865350097 | 17.7612704378 |
26 | 18.1028685035 | 17.8886459877 | 17.7860086644 | 17.7654811997 |
27 | 18.1070792655 | 17.887066952 | 17.7854823192 | 17.7549542948 |
28 | 18.1128690632 | 17.8875932972 | 17.7823242477 | 17.757586021 |
29 | 18.1149744442 | 17.8928567497 | 17.7860086644 | 17.7570596758 |
30 | 18.1212905872 | 17.8928567497 | 17.7791661762 | 17.7533752591 |
31 | 18.1223432776 | 17.8923304044 | 17.7786398309 | 17.75548064 |
32 | 18.1276067301 | 17.8954884759 | 17.7781134857 | 17.7539016043 |
33 | 18.1297121111 | 17.8965411664 | 17.7775871404 | 17.7507435328 |
34 | 18.1297121111 | 17.8960148212 | 17.7802188667 | 17.7507435328 |
35 | 18.1333965278 | 17.8949621307 | 17.7733763785 | 17.7512698781 |
36 | 18.1386599803 | 17.8975938569 | 17.7707446522 | 17.7470591161 |
37 | 18.144449778 | 17.8991728926 | 17.774429069 | 17.7454800803 |
38 | 18.1518186115 | 17.9123315238 | 17.768112926 | 17.7444273898 |
39 | 18.154976683 | 17.9107524881 | 17.7665338902 | 17.7444273898 |
40 | 18.159187445 | 17.9112788333 | 17.7649548545 | 17.7402166279 |
41 | 18.1628718617 | 17.9091734524 | 17.766007545 | 17.7386375921 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
42 | 18.1676089689 | 17.9118051786 | 17.766007545 | 17.7375849016 |
43 | 18.1776095286 | 17.887066952 | 17.7623231283 | 17.7354795206 |
44 | 18.1802412549 | 17.9075944166 | 17.7612704378 | 17.7333741396 |
45 | 18.1849783621 | 17.9160159406 | 17.7612704378 | 17.7317951039 |
46 | 18.1881364336 | 17.9160159406 | 17.7612704378 | 17.7339004849 |
47 | 18.1886627788 | 17.9186476668 | 17.7612704378 | 17.7317951039 |
48 | 18.1970843028 | 17.9191740121 | 17.759691402 | 17.7312687587 |
49 | 18.2028741005 | 17.9202267026 | 17.7581123663 | 17.7275843419 |
50 | 18.2070848625 | 17.9244374645 | 17.7591650568 | 17.7354795206 |
51 | 18.2197171485 | 17.9239111193 | 17.7560069853 | 17.7349531754 |
52 | 18.2249806009 | 17.9286482265 | 17.7544279495 | 17.7275843419 |
53 | 18.2307703987 | 17.931806298 | 17.7533752591 | 17.7270579967 |
54 | 18.2339284701 | 17.9375960957 | 17.759691402 | 17.7275843419 |
55 | 18.2418236489 | 17.9386487862 | 17.7528489138 | 17.7275843419 |
56 | 18.2486661371 | 17.9449649292 | 17.7528489138 | 17.7270579967 |
57 | 18.2555086253 | 17.9497020364 | 17.7528489138 | 17.7265316514 |
58 | 18.2628774588 | 17.9597025961 | 17.7528489138 | 17.7254789609 |
59 | 18.2639301493 | 17.9581235604 | 17.7533752591 | 17.7228472347 |
60 | 18.2707726375 | 17.9623343224 | 17.7528489138 | 17.7233735799 |
61 | 18.27603609 | 17.9633870129 | 17.7528489138 | 17.7217945442 |
62 | 18.2849839592 | 17.9760192988 | 17.7523225686 | 17.7254789609 |
63 | 18.2891947211 | 17.9875988943 | 17.7523225686 | 17.7181101275 |
64 | 18.2944581736 | 17.9875988943 | 17.7512698781 | 17.7181101275 |
65 | 18.2976162451 | 17.993388692 | 17.7517962233 | 17.7165310917 |
66 | 18.3060377691 | 17.9960204182 | 17.7507435328 | 17.717057437 |
67 | 18.3155119835 | 18.0007575254 | 17.7512698781 | 17.7175837822 |
68 | 18.3255125432 | 18.0044419422 | 17.7523225686 | 17.7144257107 |
69 | 18.331302341 | 18.0123371209 | 17.7470591161 | 17.7138993655 |
70 | 18.3391975197 | 18.0197059544 | 17.7470591161 | 17.710741294 |
71 | 18.3502507699 | 18.0207586449 | 17.7470591161 | 17.7112676392 |
72 | 18.3618303653 | 18.0260220973 | 17.7475854613 | 17.710741294 |
73 | 18.3655147821 | 18.0297065141 | 17.7444273898 | 17.7102149487 |
74 | 18.3949901159 | 18.0376016928 | 17.7439010446 | 17.7102149487 |
75 | 18.4065697114 | 18.0460232167 | 17.7417956636 | 17.7102149487 |
76 | 18.4186756521 | 18.0502339787 | 17.7402166279 | 17.7096886035 |
77 | 18.4234127593 | 18.0560237764 | 17.7433746993 | 17.7081095678 |
78 | 18.4344660095 | 18.0623399194 | 17.7417956636 | 17.7096886035 |
79 | 18.4465719502 | 18.0681297171 | 17.7402166279 | 17.7049514963 |
80 | 18.4555198194 | 18.0765512411 | 17.7402166279 | 17.7081095678 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
81 | 18.4628886529 | 18.0897098723 | 17.7375849016 | 17.7060041868 |
82 | 18.4734155578 | 18.0965523605 | 17.7375849016 | 17.7028461153 |
83 | 18.4881532248 | 18.1033948487 | 17.7370585564 | 17.7060041868 |
84 | 18.4986801297 | 18.1097109917 | 17.7402166279 | 17.7060041868 |
85 | 18.5155231776 | 18.1197115514 | 17.7365322111 | 17.6938982461 |
86 | 18.5244710468 | 18.1281330754 | 17.7370585564 | 17.700214389 |
87 | 18.5392087138 | 18.1297121111 | 17.7370585564 | 17.6965299723 |
88 | 18.5560517617 | 18.1360282541 | 17.7370585564 | 17.7175837822 |
89 | 18.5655259762 | 18.1460288138 | 17.7354795206 | 17.7017934248 |
90 | 18.5818426788 | 18.1544503378 | 17.7360058659 | 17.7007407343 |
91 | 18.5939486195 | 18.154976683 | 17.7349531754 | 17.7007407343 |
92 | 18.6028964887 | 18.1628718617 | 17.7354795206 | 17.6938982461 |
93 | 18.6155287747 | 18.1660299332 | 17.7344268301 | 17.6960036271 |
94 | 18.6286874059 | 18.1681353142 | 17.7354795206 | 17.6949509366 |
95 | 18.6334245131 | 18.1781358739 | 17.7349531754 | 17.6938982461 |
96 | 18.6486885253 | 18.1807676001 | 17.7344268301 | 17.6917928651 |
97 | 18.6576363945 | 18.1881364336 | 17.7360058659 | 17.6938982461 |
98 | 18.6665842637 | 18.1881364336 | 17.7339004849 | 17.6938982461 |
99 | 18.6734267519 | 18.1891891241 | 17.7317951039 | 17.6944245913 |
100 | 18.6839536569 | 18.1933998861 | 17.7339004849 | 17.6917928651 |
101 | 18.6934278713 | 18.1965579576 | 17.7333741396 | 17.6933719008 |
102 | 18.7065865025 | 18.1981369933 | 17.7291633777 | 17.6938982461 |
103 | 18.718166098 | 18.1986633386 | 17.7328477944 | 17.6923192103 |
104 | 18.7260612767 | 18.2049794815 | 17.7302160682 | 17.6938982461 |
105 | 18.7402725984 | 18.2065585173 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6891611388 |
106 | 18.7571156463 | 18.2065585173 | 17.7296897229 | 17.6902138293 |
107 | 18.767116206 | 18.2076112078 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6912665198 |
108 | 18.7797484919 | 18.2107692792 | 17.7281106872 | 17.6917928651 |
109 | 18.7908017421 | 18.2112956245 | 17.7291633777 | 17.6896874841 |
110 | 18.8002759566 | 18.2139273507 | 17.7312687587 | 17.6875821031 |
111 | 18.8108028616 | 18.2181381127 | 17.7302160682 | 17.6881084483 |
112 | 18.8250141832 | 18.2197171485 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6875821031 |
113 | 18.8339620524 | 18.2234015652 | 17.7296897229 | 17.6865294126 |
114 | 18.8481733741 | 18.2228752199 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6860030674 |
115 | 18.8576475886 | 18.2286650177 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6865294126 |
116 | 18.8676481483 | 18.2281386724 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6796869244 |
117 | 18.8744906365 | 18.2302440534 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6838976864 |
118 | 18.8871229225 | 18.2307703987 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6728444362 |
119 | 18.8992288632 | 18.2307703987 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6838976864 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
120 | 18.9050186609 | 18.2307703987 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6733707814 |
121 | 18.9197563278 | 18.2344548154 | 17.7286370324 | 17.6786342339 |
122 | 18.926598816 | 18.2386655774 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6796869244 |
123 | 18.9344939947 | 18.2470871013 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6802132696 |
124 | 18.9492316617 | 18.2460344108 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6807396149 |
125 | 18.9602849119 | 18.2455080656 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6760025077 |
126 | 18.9723908526 | 18.2486661371 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6765288529 |
127 | 18.9871285195 | 18.2481397918 | 17.7281106872 | 17.6770551981 |
128 | 18.9981817697 | 18.2512978633 | 17.7275843419 | 17.6775815434 |
129 | 19.0081823294 | 18.2549822801 | 17.7260053062 | 17.6765288529 |
130 | 19.0234463416 | 18.2555086253 | 17.7270579967 | 17.6733707814 |
131 | 19.0344995918 | 18.257087661 | 17.7260053062 | 17.6733707814 |
132 | 19.0450264968 | 18.2586666968 | 17.7270579967 | 17.6723180909 |
133 | 19.0566060922 | 18.2618247683 | 17.7254789609 | 17.6717917457 |
134 | 19.0687120329 | 18.2628774588 | 17.7260053062 | 17.6712654004 |
135 | 19.0823970093 | 18.2639301493 | 17.7270579967 | 17.6712654004 |
136 | 19.0939766048 | 18.2670882207 | 17.7260053062 | 17.6696863647 |
137 | 19.1060825455 | 18.2644564945 | 17.7270579967 | 17.6691600194 |
138 | 19.1197675219 | 18.2660355303 | 17.7270579967 | 17.6696863647 |
139 | 19.1281890459 | 18.269719947 | 17.7270579967 | 17.6670546384 |
140 | 19.1355578793 | 18.2702462922 | 17.7186364727 | 17.6686336742 |
141 | 19.1487165105 | 18.2728780185 | 17.7223208894 | 17.6686336742 |
142 | 19.1629278322 | 18.2755097447 | 17.7254789609 | 17.6681073289 |
143 | 19.1771391539 | 18.2765624352 | 17.7202155085 | 17.6686336742 |
144 | 19.1902977851 | 18.2812995424 | 17.7212681989 | 17.6681073289 |
145 | 19.2034564163 | 18.2855103044 | 17.7202155085 | 17.6670546384 |
146 | 19.219773119 | 18.2886683759 | 17.7223208894 | 17.6686336742 |
147 | 19.2276682977 | 18.2891947211 | 17.719162818 | 17.6681073289 |
148 | 19.2381952026 | 18.2923527926 | 17.7244262704 | 17.6607384955 |
149 | 19.2534592148 | 18.2891947211 | 17.7202155085 | 17.6623175312 |
150 | 19.2613543935 | 18.2928791379 | 17.719162818 | 17.6675809837 |
151 | 19.272933989 | 18.2970898999 | 17.7186364727 | 17.6628438765 |
152 | 19.2850399297 | 18.2976162451 | 17.7154784012 | 17.6623175312 |
153 | 19.2976722156 | 18.3049850786 | 17.719162818 | 17.6623175312 |
154 | 19.3045147038 | 18.3049850786 | 17.7165310917 | 17.6612648407 |
155 | 19.3213577518 | 18.3081431501 | 17.7160047465 | 17.661791186 |
156 | 19.3308319662 | 18.3086694953 | 17.7186364727 | 17.6623175312 |
157 | 19.3376744544 | 18.3139329478 | 17.7154784012 | 17.6607384955 |
158 | 19.3492540499 | 18.314459293 | 17.7165310917 | 17.661791186 |
Time (Seconds) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
159 | 19.3613599906 | 18.3155119835 | 17.7154784012 | 17.6602121502 |
160 | 19.370834205 | 18.3197227455 | 17.7112676392 | 17.6602121502 |
161 | 19.3871509077 | 18.324986198 | 17.714952056 | 17.6607384955 |
162 | 19.4018885746 | 18.3297233052 | 17.7138993655 | 17.6607384955 |
163 | 19.4039939556 | 18.3307759957 | 17.7133730202 | 17.6607384955 |
164 | 19.4145208606 | 18.3307759957 | 17.714952056 | 17.6602121502 |
165 | 19.430311218 | 18.3302496505 | 17.7123203297 | 17.6602121502 |
166 | 19.4392590872 | 18.331302341 | 17.712846675 | 17.6591594597 |
167 | 19.4534704089 | 18.3334077219 | 17.712846675 | 17.6602121502 |
168 | 19.4739978736 | 18.3391975197 | 17.7144257107 | 17.6602121502 |
169 | 19.4892618858 | 18.3381448292 | 17.710741294 | 17.6602121502 |
170 | 19.496104374 | 18.3397238649 | 17.7102149487 | 17.6607384955 |
171 | 19.5061049337 | 18.3434082817 | 17.7112676392 | 17.659685805 |
172 | 19.5229479816 | 18.3502507699 | 17.7091622583 | 17.6565277335 |
173 | 19.5292641246 | 18.3481453889 | 17.7096886035 | 17.6523169715 |
174 | 19.5440017915 | 18.3518298056 | 17.7081095678 | 17.6544223525 |
175 | 19.551370625 | 18.3549878771 | 17.7096886035 | 17.6560013882 |
176 | 19.5666346372 | 18.3555142223 | 17.7102149487 | 17.6549486977 |
177 | 19.5729507801 | 18.3565669128 | 17.7096886035 | 17.6560013882 |
178 | 19.5887411376 | 18.3591986391 | 17.7096886035 | 17.655475043 |
179 | 19.596109971 | 18.3644620916 | 17.7102149487 | 17.6549486977 |
180 | 19.6103212927 | 18.3644620916 | 17.708635913 | 17.6581067692 |
Presentation of Processed Data:
Processed Data Tables:
Data Table Three: Average O2 Concentration Produced by Catalase for Trials 1 and 2
Trial Number | Average O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | Average O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | Average O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | Average O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) |
1 | 19.971 | 18.439 | 17.896 | 17.715 |
2 | 19.023 | 18.273 | 17.266 | 17.429 |
Data Table Four: Average O2 Concentration Produced by Catalase
Average O2 Concentration with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent) | 19.497 |
Average O2 Concentration with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent) | 18.356 |
Average O2 Concentration with Catalase from Kale (Percent) | 17.581 |
Average O2 Concentration with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent) | 17.572 |
Data Table Five: Average Rate of Catalase Reaction
Average O2 Rate of Reaction with Catalase from Beef Liver (Percent/Second) | 0.1083 |
Average O2 Rate of Reaction with Catalase from Chicken Liver (Percent/Second) | 0.1019 |
Average O2 Rate of Reaction with Catalase from Kale (Percent/Second) | 0.0977 |
Average O2 Rate of Reaction with Catalase from Collard Greens (Percent/Second) | 0.096 |
Sample Calculations:
Formula:
Average O2 Concentration = Sum of All Measurements / Number of measurements
Plug In:
Average O2 Concentration = 19.971 percent + 19.023 percent / 2
Answer:
Average O2 Concentration = 19.497 percent
Formula:
Average Rate of Reaction = Average O2 Concentration / Time in Seconds
Plug In:
Average Rate of Reaction = 19.497 percent / 180 seconds
Answer:
Average Rate of Reaction = 0.1083 percent/second
Graphs and Diagrams:
Figure 1:
Effect of Type of Catalase on Enzyme Action Trial 1
Figure 2:
Effect of Type of Catalase on Enzyme Action Trial 2
Figure 3:
Average O2 Concentration For Different Types of Catalase
Figure 4:
Average Rate of Catalase Reaction
Conclusion and Evaluation:
a. Conclusion Essay:
This lab is designed to test how the type of catalase affected the rate of reaction in breaking down H2O2 by measuring the rate of appearance of O2. The lab specifically focused on the affect of plant catalase versus animal catalase. The four types of catalase tested were from beef, chicken, kale and collard greens. Overall our data was consistent with our hypothesis. Our data showed that the catalase from the animals produced more O2 than the plant catalases and had a faster rate of reaction. However we did not expect the beef catalase to produce more O2 than the chicken catalase. Although it is the same enzyme, the catalase found in each living organism is specialized and specific to that organism. If the kale tried to use the catalase from the chicken liver, it would not work for that organism.
b. Lab Evaluation and Suggestions for Improvement:
One issue in this lab that could have caused incorrect or flawed data is that the enzyme, catalase, needed to be kept a certain temperature when not being used. In order to achieve this, we kept the enzyme in a beaker filled with ice. However, this method is not reliable because it does not guarantee that the enzyme will maintain the correct temperature. In addition, after the ice started to melt, we replaced it with new ice. These sudden jumps in temperature could have caused the enzyme to denature and cause it to no longer function properly. In order to fix this issue, the enzyme should be kept in a temperature-controlled area, such as a refrigerator, until needed. This would insure that the enzyme is kept at the perfect temperature for use.
Another factor that could have caused problems in the data was the drying on the 250 mL Nalgene bottle. After each trial and test, the group needed to wash out the Nalgene bottle. However, we were not able to fully dry the inside because the opening was too small to reach all the way in. There was excess water left over in the bottle at the beginning of each test. This water could have contaminated the experiment and caused flawed data. A way to solve this issue is to require multiple 250 mL Nalgene bottles so that while one is drying, a dry one can be used and so on.
When making the catalases, the group had to use a scale to weigh 3 grams of each material (beef, chicken, kale and collard greens). A factor that could have caused error with our catalase is the balancing of the scale. If the scale was not zeroed, the weight would have been off. This could affect the catalase because for each gram of material we used, 100mL of water needed to be added. If the wrong amount of material was used, the material to water ratio in the catalase would be wrong, causing skewed data.